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Ankle Sprain
An ankle sprain is an injury to the ankle's ligaments (connectors that join bone to bone) and is usually caused by ankle inversion (the ankle tilts over to the inside) or a sudden twist. Ankle sprains are separated into three degrees of severity ranging from a ligament that is stretched to a ligament that is completely torn; each degree may require different types of treatment.
The mechanism is similar to an athlete stepping into a hole. More than 80% of all ankle sprains are of this type of mechanism.
First degree sprain: One or more of the supporting ligaments and surrounding tissues are stretched. There is minor discomfort, point tenderness, and little or no swelling. There is no abnormal movement in the joint to indicate lack of stability.
Second degree sprain: A portion of one or more ligaments is torn. There is pain, swelling, point tenderness, disability and loss of function. There is slight abnormal movement in the joint. The athlete may not be able to walk normally and will favor the injured leg.
Third degree Spain: One or more ligaments have been completely torn, resulting in joint instability. There is either extreme pain or little pain (if nerve damage has occurred), loss of function, point tenderness, and rapid swelling. An accompanying fracture is possible.
Ankle Instability
After an ankle sprain the ligaments sometimes do not heal back as strong as normal. If this occurs, the ankle becomes unstable with a tendency to give way, or twist very easily.
Achilles Tendonitis
Achilles tendonitis is an inflammation of the Achilles tendon. The Achilles tendon connects the muscles in the back of the leg to the bone at the back of the heel.
Post Op Ankle Recovery
Many times after surgery the ankle will need to be stabilized while healing. In addition, it is important to help reduce swelling and pain. Cryotherapy, the application of cold, combined with compression helps to minimize swelling, and pain.
Ankle Fracture
A fracture is a broken bone. Symptoms can include pain, swelling, and bruising. A fracture can accompany a sprain and strain. Stable fractures are breaks in the bone that do not affect the shape of the bone (a stress fracture is a type of stable fracture).
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